{"id":1122,"date":"2016-08-15T20:33:01","date_gmt":"2016-08-15T20:33:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/benchmarking-participants\/quebec-canada\/instruction-for-mathematics-and-science-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/"},"modified":"2016-09-02T20:37:55","modified_gmt":"2016-09-02T20:37:55","slug":"instruction-for-mathematics-and-science-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/benchmarking-participants\/quebec-canada\/instruction-for-mathematics-and-science-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/","title":{"rendered":"Instruction for Mathematics and Science in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"carouselwrap\"><div id=\"menu-quebec-canada\" class=\"carouselmenu\"><a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/benchmarking-participants\/quebec-canada\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Introduction<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/benchmarking-participants\/quebec-canada\/the-mathematics-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>The Mathematics Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/benchmarking-participants\/quebec-canada\/the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>The Science Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/benchmarking-participants\/quebec-canada\/teachers-teacher-education-and-professional-development\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Teachers, Teacher Education, and Professional Development<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/benchmarking-participants\/quebec-canada\/instruction-for-mathematics-and-science-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Instruction for Mathematics and Science in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/benchmarking-participants\/quebec-canada\/monitoring-student-progress-in-mathematics-and-science\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Monitoring Student Progress in Mathematics and Science<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/benchmarking-participants\/quebec-canada\/special-initiatives-in-mathematics-and-science-education\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Special Initiatives in Mathematics and Science Education<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/benchmarking-participants\/quebec-canada\/use-and-impact-of-timss\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Use and Impact of TIMSS<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/benchmarking-participants\/quebec-canada\/suggested-readings\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Suggested Readings<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/benchmarking-participants\/quebec-canada\/references\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>References<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/div><\/div>\t<style>\n\t\t.carouselwrap{\n\t\t\tbackground: #e5eaef;\n\t\t}\t\t\n\t\t.owl-item a{\n\t\t\tbackground: #ffffff;\n\t\t\tborder: 4px #00b2cc solid;\n\t\t\tcolor: #000000;\n\t\t}\t\t\n\t\t.owl-item a:hover,\n\t\t.owl-item a:focus,\n\t\t.owl-item a.current-menu-item{\n\t\t\tbackground: #00667f;\n\t\t\tborder: 4px #00b2cc solid;\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tcolor: #ffffff;\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t\n<h2>Instruction for Mathematics and Science in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<\/h2>\n<h3>Grade at Which Specialist Teachers for Mathematics and Science are Introduced<\/h3>\n<p>Students are taught by subject specialists in most courses beginning in the first year of secondary school (Secondary I).<\/p>\n<h3>Instructional Materials, Equipment, and Laboratories<\/h3>\n<p>Teachers are encouraged to use MEESR-approved instructional materials. However, teachers are not limited to prescribed pedagogical approaches or instructional resources; they are free to develop their own learning environments, pedagogical approaches, problems, and resources, and to determine how students will use these resources. The MEESR provides funding as necessary to update laboratories and workshops to help students develop competencies in science and technology.<\/p>\n<h3>Use of Technology<\/h3>\n<p>The Qu\u00e9bec Education Program for elementary school and Secondary Cycle I provides for the use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT). For more than a dozen years, the MEESR has been working to set up a directory of teaching resources, including the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Carrefour-\u00c9ducation<\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/carrefour-education.qc.ca\/\">http:\/\/carrefour-education.qc.ca\/<\/a>), which primarily lists websites and thematic guides<\/li>\n<li>A collection of educational videos (<a href=\"http:\/\/collectionvideo.qc.ca\/\">http:\/\/collectionvideo.qc.ca\/<\/a>), which meet the requirements of the Qu\u00e9bec Education Program<\/li>\n<li>The <em>Livres ouverts<\/em> website <u>(<\/u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.livresouverts.qc.ca\/index_V3.php\">http:\/\/www.livresouverts.qc.ca\/index_V3.php<\/a>), which provides a selection of quality books for students in preschool, elementary school, and secondary school<\/li>\n<li>Qu\u00e9bec Reading Connection (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.quebecreadingconnection.ca\/\">http:\/\/www.quebecreadingconnection.ca\/<\/a><u>)<\/u>, which provides an extensive selection of quality literature from Qu\u00e9bec, Canada, and beyond<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The MEESR provides financial support for R\u00c9CIT, a network of resource people devoted to the integration of ICT into teaching in Qu\u00e9bec schools. R\u00c9CIT fulfils its mandate primarily by offering training, support, and guidance for teachers, and by developing a culture of networking and sharing. The MEESR also subsidizes upgrading schools\u2019 technology resources. While many other initiatives exist, these are the most common.<\/p>\n<h3>Accommodation Policies for Instruction and Testing<\/h3>\n<p>In Qu\u00e9bec, many students with special education needs are integrated into regular classes in accordance with the Policy on Special Education<sup>9<\/sup> and the Action Plan to Promote Success for Students with Handicaps, Social Maladjustments, or Learning Difficulties.<sup>10<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Differentiated instruction is the best way of fostering the success of all students, including those with special needs (Qu\u00e9bec Education Program).<\/p>\n<p>The basic orientation of the Policy on Special Education, Adapting Our Schools to the Needs of All Students, is defined as follows: \u201cto help students with handicaps or social maladjustments or learning disabilities succeed in terms of knowledge, social development, and qualifications, by accepting that educational success has different meanings depending on the abilities and needs of different students.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>For students with special education needs, adaptive measures may be adopted as part of their individualized education plan. Individualized education plan committees made up of educators, parents, and students in question are responsible for implementing these measures and monitoring their suitability and efficacy. Adaptive measures provide all students in a class with access to the same learning and opportunities to demonstrate their learning.<\/p>\n<p>Students with special education needs may benefit from an individualized progression of learning approach in certain subjects that would differ from the one set out in the Qu\u00e9bec Education Program. The decision regarding learning approach is made jointly, and on a case-by-case basis, during the development of students\u2019 individualized education plan, when expectations concerning the requirements of the Qu\u00e9bec Education Program are adapted to students\u2019 abilities and needs. The objective of this support measure is to ensure the continuous progression of learning and optimal development for students.<\/p>\n<p>Adaptive measures for facilitating the integration of these students can involve a range of elements, including working environment, conditions under which activities are carried out, and support provided for reading, writing, or arithmetic. This assistance enables students to perform the cognitive and metacognitive actions that allow them to acquire the required learning or to demonstrate their learning in an autonomous manner.<\/p>\n<p>The following adaptive measures, described in a ministerial framework, may be implemented during ministerial examinations:<sup>11<\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Extending the time allotted for examinations<\/li>\n<li>Providing for the presence of an attendant (e.g., an interpreter or invigilator)<\/li>\n<li>Allowing students to use reading aids (e.g., voice synthesizers) and writing aids (e.g., grammar and spelling software and word prediction software)<\/li>\n<li>Allowing students to use a computer within certain parameters<\/li>\n<li>Allowing students to use various writing implements<\/li>\n<li>Allowing students who are not able to write to use a tape recorder to record their answers verbally<\/li>\n<li>Allowing students to use a reading aid such as a monitor, magnifying glass, or inclined reading stand<\/li>\n<li>Allowing students to take examinations in an isolated location, with supervision<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Instruction for Mathematics and Science in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades Grade at Which Specialist Teachers for Mathematics and Science are Introduced Students are taught by subject specialists in most courses beginning in the first year of secondary school (Secondary &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/benchmarking-participants\/quebec-canada\/instruction-for-mathematics-and-science-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\">Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":226,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1122","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1122","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1122"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1122\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5186,"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1122\/revisions\/5186"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/226"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1122"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}