{"id":688,"date":"2016-08-15T20:32:57","date_gmt":"2016-08-15T20:32:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/cyprus\/the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/"},"modified":"2016-10-17T15:07:06","modified_gmt":"2016-10-17T15:07:06","slug":"the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/cyprus\/the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/","title":{"rendered":"The Science Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"carouselwrap\"><div id=\"menu-cyprus\" class=\"carouselmenu\"><a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/cyprus\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Introduction<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/cyprus\/the-mathematics-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>The Mathematics Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/cyprus\/the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>The Science Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/cyprus\/teachers-teacher-education-and-professional-development\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Teachers, Teacher Education, and Professional Development<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/cyprus\/instruction-for-mathematics-and-science-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Instruction for Mathematics and Science in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/cyprus\/monitoring-student-progress-in-mathematics-and-science\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Monitoring Student Progress in Mathematics and Science<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/cyprus\/special-initiatives-in-mathematics-and-science-education\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Special Initiatives in Mathematics and Science Education<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/cyprus\/use-and-impact-of-timss\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Use and Impact of TIMSS<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/cyprus\/references\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>References<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/div><\/div>\t<style>\n\t\t.carouselwrap{\n\t\t\tbackground: #e5eaef;\n\t\t}\t\t\n\t\t.owl-item a{\n\t\t\tbackground: #ffffff;\n\t\t\tborder: 4px #00b2cc solid;\n\t\t\tcolor: #000000;\n\t\t}\t\t\n\t\t.owl-item a:hover,\n\t\t.owl-item a:focus,\n\t\t.owl-item a.current-menu-item{\n\t\t\tbackground: #00667f;\n\t\t\tborder: 4px #00b2cc solid;\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tcolor: #ffffff;\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t\n<h2>The Science Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<sup>a<\/sup><\/h2>\n<p>The science curriculum in the primary and secondary grades is prescribed centrally by the MoEC. The science curriculum aims to help students develop conceptual understanding, grounded in everyday experiences, which lays a foundation for formulating interpretive accounts of various phenomena, and develop skills, attitudes, and behaviors comprising scientific competencies, which may be useful both in everyday life and for lifelong learning in the 21<sup class=\"nonSup\">st<\/sup> century.<sup>12<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Exhibit 3 presents the science curriculum for the fourth grade that was in effect during the 2014\u20132015 school year.<sup>13<\/sup><\/p>\n<p><strong>Exhibit 3: Fourth Grade Science Curriculum<\/strong><\/p>\n<table class=\"tableEncyc\" border=\"0\" width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"heading\">\n<td>Units<\/td>\n<td>Topics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight headingInside\" valign=\"top\">Life Science<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom\">\n<ul>\n<li>The dependence of the abundance of plants in a certain location on the environmental conditions<\/li>\n<li>The role of certain physical features of plants and animals in helping plants and animals survive in their environment<\/li>\n<li>The features and importance of forests in Cyprus<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight headingInside\" valign=\"top\">Electricity<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom\">\n<ul>\n<li>Electricity and simple circuits<\/li>\n<li>Different technologies for generating electricity, and their strengths and weaknesses<\/li>\n<li>The efficient use of electric appliances<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight headingInside\" valign=\"top\">Light<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom\">\n<ul>\n<li>Rectilinear propagation of light<\/li>\n<li>Transparency of materials<\/li>\n<li>Shadow formation<\/li>\n<li>Factors that influence the size and shape of shadows<\/li>\n<li>The conditions for rainbow formation<\/li>\n<li>The primary colors of light<\/li>\n<li>The production of other colors as a result of the combination of the primary colors<\/li>\n<li>Health risks associated with sunlight and possible precautions<\/li>\n<li>The role of light in traffic safety<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight headingInside\" valign=\"top\">Matter<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom\">\n<ul>\n<li>States of matter (solid, liquid, gas) and their properties<\/li>\n<li>Composition of air<\/li>\n<li>Constituent components of a soil sample<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight headingInside\" valign=\"top\">Force, Motion, and Simple Machines<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom\">\n<ul>\n<li>Common uses of levers and pulleys in everyday life<\/li>\n<li>How levers, pulleys, and inclined planes can reduce the effort needed to perform certain tasks<\/li>\n<li>How the angle of an inclined plane affects the force needed to lift an object<\/li>\n<li>The role of the force of friction in daily life<\/li>\n<li>Whether type of surface affects the force of friction<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight headingInside\" valign=\"top\">Earth Science<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom\">\n<ul>\n<li>The Sun and the planets in our solar system<\/li>\n<li>The Moon as a satellite of Earth<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Exhibit 4 presents the physics curriculum for the eighth grade.<sup>14<\/sup><\/p>\n<p><strong>Exhibit 4: Eighth Grade Physics Curriculum<\/strong><\/p>\n<table class=\"tableEncyc\" border=\"0\" width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"heading\">\n<td>Units<\/td>\n<td>Topics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"borderRight borderBottom headingInside\" valign=\"top\">Properties of Matter<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom\">\n<ul>\n<li>States of matter<\/li>\n<li>Properties of liquid water<\/li>\n<li>Mass, volume, and density<\/li>\n<li>Properties of gases\u2014pressure, compressibility, and diffusion<\/li>\n<li>Molecular model of matter<\/li>\n<li>Physical and chemical phenomena (changes)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"borderRight borderBottom headingInside\" valign=\"top\">Energy\u2014Heat and Temperature<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom\">\n<ul>\n<li>Forms of energy<\/li>\n<li>Energy conversion<\/li>\n<li>Measurement of temperature<\/li>\n<li>Heat, temperature, and thermal equilibrium<\/li>\n<li>Changes in state of matter<\/li>\n<li>Thermal expansion\/contraction in solids, liquids, and gases<\/li>\n<li>Heat transfer\u2014conduction, convection, and radiation<\/li>\n<li>Heat conductors and insulators<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"borderRight borderBottom headingInside\" valign=\"top\">Sound<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom\">\n<ul>\n<li>Production of sound<\/li>\n<li>Sound propagation<\/li>\n<li>Characteristics of sound<\/li>\n<li>Reflection of sound\u2014echo and reverberation<\/li>\n<li>Sound attenuation<\/li>\n<li>Soundproofing and noise pollution<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Science Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Gradesa The science curriculum in the primary and secondary grades is prescribed centrally by the MoEC. The science curriculum aims to help students develop conceptual understanding, grounded in everyday experiences, which lays &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/cyprus\/the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\">Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":130,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":"1"},"class_list":["post-688","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/688","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=688"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/688\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6904,"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/688\/revisions\/6904"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/130"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=688"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}