{"id":958,"date":"2016-08-15T20:32:59","date_gmt":"2016-08-15T20:32:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/poland\/the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/"},"modified":"2016-09-28T15:23:55","modified_gmt":"2016-09-28T15:23:55","slug":"the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/poland\/the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/","title":{"rendered":"The Science Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"carouselwrap\"><div id=\"menu-poland\" class=\"carouselmenu\"><a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/poland\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Introduction<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/poland\/the-polish-curriculum-in-primary-and-secondary-schools\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page\"><span>The Polish Curriculum in Primary and Secondary Schools<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/poland\/the-mathematics-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>The Mathematics Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/poland\/the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>The Science Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/poland\/teachers-teacher-education-and-professional-development\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Teachers, Teacher Education, and Professional Development<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/poland\/instruction-for-mathematics-and-science-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Instruction for Mathematics and Science in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/poland\/monitoring-student-progress-in-mathematics-and-science\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Monitoring Student Progress in Mathematics and Science<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/poland\/special-initiatives-in-mathematics-and-science-education\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Special Initiatives in Mathematics and Science Education<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/poland\/use-and-impact-of-timss\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Use and Impact of TIMSS<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/poland\/suggested-readings\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Suggested Readings<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/poland\/references\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>References<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/div><\/div>\t<style>\n\t\t.carouselwrap{\n\t\t\tbackground: #e5eaef;\n\t\t}\t\t\n\t\t.owl-item a{\n\t\t\tbackground: #ffffff;\n\t\t\tborder: 4px #00b2cc solid;\n\t\t\tcolor: #000000;\n\t\t}\t\t\n\t\t.owl-item a:hover,\n\t\t.owl-item a:focus,\n\t\t.owl-item a.current-menu-item{\n\t\t\tbackground: #00667f;\n\t\t\tborder: 4px #00b2cc solid;\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tcolor: #ffffff;\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t\n<h2>The Science Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<\/h2>\n<p>According to the National Curriculum, science is a mandatory content area at all education levels and in all types of schools. In Grades 1 to 3, science as part and parcel of integrated teaching content is expected to yield 10 learning outcomes (written in \u201ccan do\u201d statements). Among these, there are research skills (e.g., students observe and conduct simple scientific experiments, analyze them, and associate the reason with the result), explanations (e.g., students explain how natural phenomena depend on the seasons), knowledge of facts (e.g., students name body parts and internal organs of humans and animals), and practical knowledge (e.g., students know the basic rules of healthy nutrition and the basic threats in the world of plants and the world of animals, and actively participate in environmental protection in their local area).<\/p>\n<p>In Grades 4 to 6, there is a separate subject called Nature (<em>przyroda<\/em>). The National Curriculum lists five teaching objectives for this subject:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Arousing curiosity about nature<\/li>\n<li>Respect for nature<\/li>\n<li>Constructing and verifying hypotheses of natural phenomena and processes<\/li>\n<li>Observation, measurement, and experimentation<\/li>\n<li>Practical use of knowledge about nature<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The expected learning outcomes for Nature are organized under the following 15 headings:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Me and My Surroundings<\/li>\n<li>Orientation in the Field<\/li>\n<li>Observations, Natural Experiments, and Modeling<\/li>\n<li>The Nearest Neighborhood<\/li>\n<li>Man and the Environment<\/li>\n<li>Properties of Substances<\/li>\n<li>Landscapes of Poland and Europe<\/li>\n<li>The Human Organism<\/li>\n<li>Health and Health Care<\/li>\n<li>Electrical and Magnetic Phenomena in Nature<\/li>\n<li>Earth in the Universe<\/li>\n<li>Lands and Oceans<\/li>\n<li>Landscapes of the World<\/li>\n<li>Transformation of Substances<\/li>\n<li>Motion and Forces in Nature<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The National Curriculum emphasizes the use of the scientific method in class (e.g., posing questions or putting forward hypotheses, making observations, and taking measurements).<\/p>\n<p>At the lower secondary level (Grades 7 to 9), science is divided into four subjects: Geography, Biology, Chemistry, and Physics. The curriculum thoroughly describes the teaching objectives for each subject. Biology, for example, is described in terms of the following five teaching objectives:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Searching for, using, and producing information<\/li>\n<li>Reasoning and argumentation<\/li>\n<li>Methodology of biological research<\/li>\n<li>Biological diversity and basic biological processes<\/li>\n<li>Conditions of human health<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The expected learning outcomes for Biology are organized under the following 10 headings:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Chemical Compounds of Organisms<\/li>\n<li>Structure and Functions of Cells<\/li>\n<li>Taxonomy\u2014Principles of classification, methods of identification, and diversity of organisms<\/li>\n<li>Ecology<\/li>\n<li>Structure and Functions of Plants, based on the example of the <em>magnoliophyta<\/em> plant<\/li>\n<li>Structure and functions of the human organism<\/li>\n<li>Health and Morbidity<\/li>\n<li>Genetics<\/li>\n<li>Evolution of Life<\/li>\n<li>Global and Local Environmental Problems<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The other science subjects are described in a similar way.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Science Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades According to the National Curriculum, science is a mandatory content area at all education levels and in all types of schools. In Grades 1 to 3, science as part and parcel &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/poland\/the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\">Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":160,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-958","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/958","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=958"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/958\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6550,"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/958\/revisions\/6550"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}