{"id":1364,"date":"2016-06-15T15:09:22","date_gmt":"2016-06-15T15:09:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/?page_id=1364"},"modified":"2019-07-08T18:27:39","modified_gmt":"2019-07-08T18:27:39","slug":"portugal-description-of-physics-programs-and-curriculum","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/timss-advanced-2015\/physics\/curriculum\/portugal-description-of-physics-programs-and-curriculum\/","title":{"rendered":"Portugal: Description of Physics Programs and Curriculum"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"carouselwrap\"><div id=\"menu-programs-and-curriculum-physics\" class=\"carouselmenu\"><a href=\"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/timss-advanced-2015\/physics\/curriculum\/france-description-of-physics-programs-and-curriculum\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page\"><span>France<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/timss-advanced-2015\/physics\/curriculum\/italy-description-of-physics-programs-and-curriculum\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page\"><span>Italy<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/timss-advanced-2015\/physics\/curriculum\/lebanon-description-of-physics-programs-and-curriculum\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page\"><span>Lebanon<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/timss-advanced-2015\/physics\/curriculum\/norway-description-of-physics-programs-and-curriculum\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page\"><span>Norway<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/timss-advanced-2015\/physics\/curriculum\/portugal-description-of-physics-programs-and-curriculum\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page\"><span>Portugal<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/timss-advanced-2015\/physics\/curriculum\/russian-federation-description-of-physics-programs-and-curriculum\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page\"><span>Russian Federation<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/timss-advanced-2015\/physics\/curriculum\/slovenia-description-of-physics-programs-and-curriculum\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page\"><span>Slovenia<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/timss-advanced-2015\/physics\/curriculum\/sweden-description-of-physics-programs-and-curriculum\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page\"><span>Sweden<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/timss-advanced-2015\/physics\/curriculum\/united-states-description-of-physics-programs-and-curriculum\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page\"><span>United States<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/div><\/div>\t<style>\n\t\t.carouselwrap{\n\t\t\tbackground: #e5eaef;\n\t\t}\t\t\n\t\t.owl-item a{\n\t\t\tbackground: #ffffff;\n\t\t\tborder: 4px #1FA67A solid;\n\t\t\tcolor: #000000;\n\t\t}\t\t\n\t\t.owl-item a:hover,\n\t\t.owl-item a:focus,\n\t\t.owl-item a.current-menu-item{\n\t\t\tbackground: #006544;\n\t\t\tborder: 4px #1FA67A solid;\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tcolor: #ffffff;\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t\n<div><a class=\"aboutTIMSS-download\" href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/filebase\/advanced\/physics\/P11.-programs-and-curriculum\/P11_1_physics-description-of-physics-programs-and-curriculum.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"> Download Description of the Physics Programs and Curriculum<\/a><\/div>\n<h2>Portugal: Description of Physics Programs and Curriculum<\/h2>\n<p>Physics is offered as an optional subject in the Grade 12 Science and Technology upper secondary academic track and some professional\/vocational tracks. Its main objective is to promote and develop students\u2019 basic knowledge of concepts, laws and theories of physics, as well as their applications in explaining natural phenomena and technological devices. The curriculum is organized into units under three main areas: Mechanics, Electricity and Magnetism, and Modern Physics. The topics included in each unit are listed below.<\/p>\n<table class=\"CurrTable\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 24%\">Content Area<\/th>\n<th>Units<\/th>\n<th>Topics<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"borderBottom\">\n<td class=\"headingInside\" rowspan=\"5\">Mechanics<\/td>\n<td>Particle Mechanics<\/td>\n<td>Particle kinematics and dynamics in more than one dimension: reference frames, position, vector, trajectory equations, displacement, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, average acceleration and instantaneous acceleration vectors, motion equations, tangential and radial acceleration, Newton\u2019s Second Law, circular motion<\/p>\n<p>Motion under the action of a constant force: importance of motion initial conditions, motion equations, projectile motion<\/p>\n<p>Applying Newton\u2019s Laws: objects connected by a cord, car in a banked circular turn, vertical circular loop, static frictional force and kinetic frictional force<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"borderBottom\">\n<td>Oscillations<\/td>\n<td>Hooke\u2019s Law, simple harmonic motion (period, frequency and angular frequency, displacement from equilibrium and amplitude), velocity and acceleration in SHM, energy of a simple harmonic oscillator, and damped oscillations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"borderBottom\">\n<td>Linear Momentum<\/td>\n<td>Center of mass (extended object and system of particles), velocity and acceleration of the CM, linear momentum (particle and system of particles), momentum and Newton\u2019s second Law, conservation of linear momentum, elastic and inelastic collisions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"borderBottom\">\n<td>Fluids<\/td>\n<td>Hydrostatic: density, pressure, variation of pressure with depth, Pascal\u2019s Law, buoyant force, Archimedes\u2019 Principle, floating objects equilibrium<\/p>\n<p>Fluid dynamics: steady flow, equation of continuity, Bernoulli\u2019s equation, viscosity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"borderBottom\">\n<td>Gravitation<\/td>\n<td>Kepler\u2019s Laws, Newton\u2019s law of gravitation, gravitational constant and Cavendish experiment, gravitational field, gravitational force and weight, gravitational potential energy, orbital speed, escape speed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"borderBottom\">\n<td class=\"headingInside\" rowspan=\"3\">Electricity and Magnetism<\/td>\n<td>Electricity and Magnetism<\/td>\n<td>Coulomb\u2019s law and electric fields: charge conservation, conductors and insulators, charging objects by induction and by contact, polarization, Coulomb\u2019s law and its similarity to Newton\u2019s laws, electric field, properties of conductors in electrostatic equilibrium<\/p>\n<p>Electrical potential: electric potential energy, electric potential, equipotential surfaces, capacitors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"borderBottom\">\n<td>Electric Circuits<\/td>\n<td>Electric current: microscopic model of current, current and potential difference, resistance and resistivity, Ohm\u2019s law<\/p>\n<p>Energy in electrical circuits: Joule\u2019s law, electromotive force and total power output of a battery, internal resistance of a battery and power delivered to the external load resistance, terminal voltage of a battery, electromotive force of a motor, internal resistance of a motor, terminal voltage of a motor<\/p>\n<p>Electric circuits equations: resistors in series and parallel, applying Ohm\u2019s law to circuits with batteries, motors and resistors, R-C circuits<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"borderBottom\">\n<td>Magnetic Fields<\/td>\n<td>Sources of magnetic fields, magnetic field lines, magnetic force acting on a charge moving in a magnetic field, motion of charged particles in crossed electric and magnetic fields, Thomson\u2019s experiment, mass spectrometer, cyclotrons, magnetic force on a current-carrying wire, and Earth\u2019s magnetic field<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"borderBottom\">\n<td class=\"headingInside\" rowspan=\"3\">\nModern Physics\n<\/td>\n<td>\nRelativity\n<\/td>\n<td>\nRelative motion: inertial frames and accelerated frames, the principle of Galilean relativity, Galilean transformation equations<\/p>\n<p>Einstein\u2019s relativity: postulates of special theory of relativity, relativity of simultaneity, time dilation and length contraction, rest energy of a particle, general theory of relativity (curvature of space-time, principle of equivalence\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"borderBottom\">\n<td>\nIntroduction to Quantum Physics\n<\/td>\n<td>\nPlanck\u2019s energy quantization, Einstein theory of light, wave-matter duality for light, ionizing and non-ionizing radiations, photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, X-rays, wave-matter duality for matter, De Broglie wavelength, and Heisenberg\u2019s principle\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"borderBottom\">\n<td>\nNuclear Physics and Radioactivity\n<\/td>\n<td>\nNuclear binding energy and nuclear stability, natural radioactivity, alpha, beta and gamma emission, law of radioactive decay, half-life and mean life, activity, biological effects of radioactive emissions, absorbed dose and dose equivalent, ionizing radiation detectors, applications of ionizing radiations, and nuclear reactions (nuclear fusion and nuclear fission)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Download Description of the Physics Programs and Curriculum Portugal: Description of Physics Programs and Curriculum Physics is offered as an optional subject in the Grade 12 Science and Technology upper secondary academic track and some professional\/vocational tracks. Its main objective &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/timss-advanced-2015\/physics\/curriculum\/portugal-description-of-physics-programs-and-curriculum\/\">Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":204,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1364","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1364","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1364"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1364\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3060,"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1364\/revisions\/3060"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/204"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}